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Protein Nitration With Aging in the Rat Semimembranosus and Soleus Muscles

Departments of ¹ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and ² Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

Address correspondence to LaDora V. Thompson, PhD, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street, S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail: thomp067{at}umn.edu

On the basis of the accelerated age-related effects in type II muscle, we hypothesized that with aging the semimembranosus (type II) muscle would accumulate a greater amount of oxidized proteins compared to proteins in the soleus (type I) muscle. In this study, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) was used as a stable marker of protein oxidative damage. The presence of 3-NT was evaluated in muscles from young adult, old, and very old Fischer 344 rats to provide an indication of the time course of muscle protein oxidative damage. A significant age-associated increase in nitrotyrosine-modified proteins was observed. The modified proteins identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry include the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca⁺²-ATPase, aconitase, ß-enolase, triosephosphate isomerase, and carbonic anhydrase III. These proteins, involved in metabolism and calcium homeostasis, exhibited an age-dependent increase in 3-NT content in both muscles. However, significant levels of 3-NT modification were present at an earlier age in the semimembranosus muscle.