Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Large Type Edition
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The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 58:M715-M720 (2003)
© 2003 The Gerontological Society of America

Walking Performance and Cardiovascular Response: Associations With Age and Morbidity—The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study

Anne B. Newman1, Catherine L. Haggerty1, Stephen B. Kritchevsky2, Michael C. Nevitt3 and Eleanor M. Simonsick4, for the Health ABC Collaborative Research Group

1 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
2 Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
3 Prevention Sciences Group, University of California, San Francisco.
4 Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland.

Background. The long-distance corridor walk is a timed 400-meter walk test used to assess walking endurance in well-functioning men and women aged 70–79 in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.

Methods. We examined walking time along with heart rate and blood pressure response in relationship to prevalent chronic conditions, weight, physical activity, and markers of subclinical disease. Of 3075 participants, 2324 (76%) completed the test with heart rate and blood pressure responses in the range expected for a moderate level of exertion.

Results. Slower walking time was influenced by both clinical and subclinical disease, and also was strongly related to both low and high body weight and low self-reported physical activity. Heart rate and blood pressure responses were higher with several clinical and subclinical diseases, but heart rate response and recovery were more strongly related to walking time than to disease. Higher body mass index and lower physical activity were associated with greater heart rate response and recovery.

Conclusions. The independent contribution of both clinical and subclinical disease to walking time supports the use of walking tests as a summary measure of disease in older adults. The independent association of walking time with physical activity suggests that it is sensitive to levels of fitness as well. Together these findings show that walking performance is a valid indicator of physiologic reserve in older adults.




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A. B. Newman, E. M. Simonsick, B. L. Naydeck, R. M. Boudreau, S. B. Kritchevsky, M. C. Nevitt, M. Pahor, S. Satterfield, J. S. Brach, S. A. Studenski, and T. B. Harris
Association of Long-Distance Corridor Walk Performance With Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease, Mobility Limitation, and Disability
JAMA, May 3, 2006; 295(17): 2018 - 2026.
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S. B. Kritchevsky, B. J. Nicklas, M. Visser, E. M. Simonsick, A. B. Newman, T. B. Harris, E. M. Lange, B. W. Penninx, B. H. Goodpaster, S. Satterfield, L. H. Colbert, S. M. Rubin, and M. Pahor
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Genotype, Exercise, and Physical Decline
JAMA, August 10, 2005; 294(6): 691 - 698.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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