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a Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Paula Amato, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, 0633, La Jolla, CA 92093-0633 E-mail: pamato{at}ucsd.edu.
Decision Editor: John E. Morley, MB, BCh
Background. Chromium is an essential nutrient required for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Chromium supplementation in humans has been reported to improve glucose metabolism and improve serum lipid parameters and to reduce body fat; parameters that worsen with aging. As a result, chromium picolinate has been widely promoted as a health aid for the general population. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of chromium supplementation on insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, and body composition in nonobese, healthy men and women of advanced age.
Methods. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with 19 subjects (9 men and 10 women), aged 63–77, were given either chromium picolinate, 1000 µg/d, or a placebo for 8 weeks. Serum lipids were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. Insulin sensitivity and body composition were measured with the minimal-model intravenous glucose tolerance test and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan, respectively, at baseline and after 8 weeks of chromium or placebo supplementation.
Results. No significant change in serum lipids, insulin sensitivity, or body composition was observed in the chromium group compared with the placebo group.
Conclusions. Chromium picolinate supplementation alone does not appear to improve insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, or change body composition in nonobese, healthy men and women of advanced age.
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  J. Martin, Z. Q. Wang, X. H. Zhang, D. Wachtel, J. Volaufova, D. E. Matthews, and W. T. Cefalu Chromium Picolinate Supplementation Attenuates Body Weight Gain and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, August 1, 2006; 29(8): 1826 - 1832. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 E C Opara Oxidative stress, micronutrients, diabetes mellitus and its complications The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, March 1, 2002; 122(1): 28 - 34. [Abstract] [PDF]
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W. T. Cefalu and F. B. Hu Role of Chromium in Human Health and in Diabetes Diabetes Care, November 1, 2004; 27(11): 2741 - 2751. [Full Text] [PDF]
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 G. J Ryan, N. S Wanko, A. R Redman, and C. B Cook Chromium as Adjunctive Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Ann. Pharmacother., June 1, 2003; 37(6): 876 - 885. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. F McCarty Chromium meta-analysis Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2003; 78(1): 191 - 192. [Full Text] [PDF]
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 W. T. Cefalu, Z. Q. Wang, X. H. Zhang, L. C. Baldor, and J. C. Russell Oral Chromium Picolinate Improves Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism and Enhances Skeletal Muscle Glut-4 Translocation in Obese, Hyperinsulinemic (JCR-LA Corpulent) Rats J. Nutr., June 1, 2002; 132(6): 1107 - 1114. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. E. Morley Editorial: Diabetes Mellitus: A Major Disease Of Older Persons J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., May 1, 2000; 55(5): 255M - 256. [Full Text]
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