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Laparoscopic Nephrectomy in Young-Old, Old-Old, and Oldest-Old Adults

^a Department of Urology, Medical University of Lübeck, Germany
^b Department of Urology, Martin Luther King University, Halle, Germany

Christian Doehn, Department of Urology, Medical University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany E-mail: doehn{at}medinf.mu-luebeck.de.

Decision Editor: John E. Morley, MB, BCh

Background. This study reports findings for laparoscopic nephrectomy in comparison with open nephrectomy in geriatric patients.

Methods. Since 1993, a total of 249 patients have undergone nephrectomy for benign disease at the Medical University of Lübeck, Germany. In 11 patients older than 65 years, a laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed (in the majority via a transperitoneal approach), and 42 patients older than 65 years underwent an open-flank nephrectomy. Clinical parameters were evaluated in comparison with both groups and stratified according to age groups.

Results. With respect to operative results (operative duration and pre- and postoperative hemoglobin levels), no relevant differences were observed between the laparoscopy group and the open-nephrectomy group, even when stratified according to patient age. However, patients in the laparoscopy group demonstrated a significant advantage concerning blood loss and the number of required blood transfusions, regardless of age. In addition, patients after laparoscopy showed advantages in the postoperative course. Benefits were proven for the analgesic consumption, hospital stay, and convalescence parameters. Although complication rates were comparable in both groups, an increase was observed in both groups for patients aged between 75 and 84 years.

Conclusions. Laparoscopic nephrectomy offers comparable operative results (with reduced blood loss and less need for blood transfusions) when compared with open surgery. Significant advantages can be demonstrated in the postoperative course, and especially geriatric patients benefit from these aspects of the minimally invasive approach. Laparoscopy should be regarded as the primary therapeutic option for nephrectomy for benign disease in these patients.