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In Vitro Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein in Two Species of Nonhuman Primates Subjected to Caloric Restriction

^a Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington
^b Department of Medicine, Comparative Medicine, and Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
^c Wisconsin Regional Primate Center, Madison
^d Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin–Madison
^e GRECC, William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, Wisconsin

William T. Cefalu, Endocrine Unit, Given C331, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405 E-mail: wcefalu{at}zoo.uvm.edu.

Decision Editor: Jay Roberts, PhD

Caloric restriction (CR), which increases longevity and retards age-associated diseases in laboratory rodents, is being evaluated in nonhuman primate trials. CR reduces oxidative stress in rodents and appears to improve risk factors for cardiovascular disease in nonhuman primates. We tested the hypothesis that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidizability is reduced in two monkey species (rhesus and cynomolgus) subjected to chronic CR. In both species, no significant differences occurred between CR and control animals on total, LDL, or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. In rhesus monkeys, triglycerides were higher in controls than CR (139 ± 23 vs 66 ± 8 mg/dl, p < .01, respectively). LDL from CR rhesus monkeys was reduced in triglyceride content and molecular weight compared to controls, whereas LDL composition in cynomolgus monkeys was similar in CR and control animals. In keeping with minor deviations in lipids, antioxidants, and LDL composition, no consistent differences in in vitro LDL oxidizability were apparent between CR and controls in either species.

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